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Legio XXII Primigenia ("Fortune's Twenty-Second Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army dedicated to the goddess Fortuna Primigenia. Founded in AD 39 by the emperor Caligula for use in his campaigns in Germania, the XXII ''Primigenia'' spent much of their time in Mogontiacum (modern Mainz) from up to the end of 3rd century. The legion's symbols were a Capricorn〔L.J.F. Keppie, ''Legions and Veterans: Roman Army Papers'' 1971-2000, p. 128.〕 and the demigod Hercules. XXII ''Primigenia'' was first stationed in Mogontiacum in the Roman province of Germania Superior, guarding the Rhine border as part of the limes. Along with the rest of the Germanic army, the legion supported Vitellius in the Year of the Four Emperors (69). During the Batavian rebellion, XXII ''Primigenia'', commanded by Gaius Dillius Vocula, was the only Germanic legion that survived rebel attackss and which stayed in its camp, defending Moguntiacum. They remained in Moguntiacum until at least the 3rd century. Hadrian, prior to becoming Emperor, was ''tribunus militum'' of the XXIIth in 97-98. Around 90, units of the XXII was garrisoned in or around the area of modern-day Butzbach, as part of the Limes Germanicus (a series of forts along the Roman frontier of Germania Superior. A stamp of the XXII Legion was found during excavations of a Roman Fort in Butzbach. The 22nd U.S. Infantry Regiment was stationed in Butzbach after World War II, and the stamp of the Legion and the emblem of the American unit were very similar.〔Entry on (Butzbach ) in the German edition of Wikipedia. 〕 The Rhine settlement was their main camp, but ''vexillationes'' of the legion participated in the building of the Antonine Wall in Scotland (2nd century) and in the campaigns against the Sassanid Empire (around 235). They were still in Moguntiacum during the attack of the tribe of the Alamanni in 235, and were responsible for the lynching of Emperor Alexander Severus when he tried to negotiate with the enemy, along with the subsequent election of Maximinus Thrax as new emperor. In 268, ''Primigenia'' probably fought under Gallienus at the Battle of Naissus, winning a victory over the Goths. The following year, the XXII Legion rebelled against Postumus, and proclaimed its commander Laelianus Emperor of the Gallic Empire.〔Eutropius, ''Breviarium'' IX.9.〕 == See also == * List of Roman legions and Roman legion * (livius.org account ) * (official website of legio 22 reenactement group ) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Legio XXII Primigenia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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